Barton



2 Sheets Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

J. B. HANNAY.

APPARATUS FOR LIQUEFYING GHLORINE.

Patented Dec A AAMJ (No Model.) I 2 sheets sheet 2.

J. B. HANNAY.

APPARATUS FOR LIQUEPYING GHLORINE. No. 418,019.. Patented Dec! 24, 1889.

i we 1 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIC JAMES B. HANNAY, OF COVE CASTLE, LOCH LONG, COUNTY OF DUM BARTON, SCOTLAND.

APPARATUS FOR LIQUEFYING CHLORINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 418,019, dated December 24, 1889. 1

Application filed April 17, 1889. Serial No. 807,583. (No model.) Patented in England-March 7, 1889, No. 4,037; in France April 6, 1889, No. 197,279,- in Belgium April 6, 188 9,11'0. 85,732; in Victoria May 10, 1889, No. 6,743.; in New South Wales May 13, 1889, No. 1,412; in Queensland May 13, 1889,170-

Zcaland May 23, 1889, No. 3,700.

in the county of Dumbarton, Scot-land, have invented a new and useful Apparatus for Storage and Transport of Liquefied Chlorine, (for which I have obtained patents in France,

dated April 6, 1889, No. 197,279; Belgium,

dated April 6, 1889, No. 85,732; Victoria,

dated May 10, 1889, No. 6,743; New South Wales, May 13, 1889, No. 1,412; New Zealand, May 23, 1889, No. 3,700; South Australia, May 14, 1889, No. 1,301; Queensland, dated May 13 and August 23,1889, No. 739, and in Great Britain by an application for patent, which patent, when granted, will bear date March 7, 1889, No. 4,037,) of which the following is a specification.

In an application for patent of even date herewith I describe apparatus for applying chlorine to the extraction of gold from ores.

In many situations-as, for example, at the mines where the ore is found-it is diflicult to obtain chlorine, and the transport of materials for its production on the spot involves great expense and inconvenience. It is also difiicult and often impossible to transport chlorine in the gaseous form on account of the largebulk which it occupies. In order to provide against these difliculties, 1' produce chlorine in liquefied condition and store it in this condition in vessels which can be readily and conveniently transported, and from which it can be drawn for use when required. In order to obtain and store the liquefied chlorine, I produce gaseous chlorine in any known manner under a little pressure, sufficient to cause it to bubble through water contained and agitated in a series of vessels which are kept cooled to about freezing-point. In each of those vessels through which the chlorine passes successively aportion of the chlorine forms a combination with water, producing acrystalline deposit. As thisdeposit is. formed most rapidly in the first vessel and more slowly in those succeeding it, I arrange the connecting-pipes so that the'vessels can be worked in rotation. When the first has a sufficient amount of deposit, it

739: in South Australia May 14, 1889, No. 1,301 and in New is cut oif from the chlorine-supply and the deposit is removed from it, the second vessel in 'the meantime operating as the first, and i so on successively. The deposit removed from the vessel, being squeezed to press out f ree water, is charged into a-strong vessel having a funnel-shaped bottomwith a small outlet. The vessel being ch-arged is closed, and

then alittle heat is applied. externally. This phuric acid to trap any wateraccompany-ing the chlorine) \is connected one of the holders 0r vessels in which the liquid chlorine: is 7 charged for transport.

This vessel is a thin but strong steel tube closed at both-ends with a small internally-screwedhole in aboss projecting at its end. This hole is fitted with.

a screw-plug contained in a tube attached to the boss, this tube beingconnected to the separating-vessel by a lateral branch provided with a valve. made to the holder, the valve is opened, and the liquid chlorine, which is under considerable pressure 'in the separating-vessel, passes into the holder, whereupon the screw-plug is screwed home until a collar on it presses hard upon a packing-washer abutting against a shoulder in the bore of the boss. The valve in the branch being then closed, the holder is the hole in which it presents itself are buried over and sealed by brazing or soldering. V

Inorder to provide for expansion of the liquid chlorine in the holder due to increase of temperature, I flatten the holder a little before it is charged atone place or at several places to allow for its bulging afterward when the liqn id expands. When it is desired to use part of the chlorine contained in the holder,

The connection being detached and the end of the screw-plug and a branched tube similar to that employed for charging the holder may be connected to the boss, and the plug can be unscrewed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a sectional view of an apparatus embodying to the holder N and to the trap L, the joint-' my invention, the transporting vessel or holder being in elevation. Fig. 2 is a broken sectional elevation of the transporting vessel or holder on alarger scale, showing also the devices for connecting it with the vessels, charged withliquclied chlorineand sulphuric acid; and Fig. 3) is a sectional elevation showi I pipe M as being applied to the vessel K, it

ing a modification.

Referring to Fig. 1, K is the funnel-shaped vessel which is charged with the crystalline compound or chlorine and water formed by blowing gaseous chlorine through water kept at a temperature about f reezing-point. To the bottom of the vessel K, which has a small outlet, is attached a trap-vessel L, containing strong sulphuric acid, and to this is attached the branched pipe M (shown on an enlarged scale in Fig. 2) for charging one of the storing vessels' N. This vessel is a thin but strong steel tube closed at both ends, the one end having a projecting boss I: with a screwed hole and shoulder to receive a screwed plug R. It is preferred to make a boss 12 at the other end of the tube N for convenience of lifting. The branched pipe M is provided with a spindle m, which passes through a stutiing-box and is screwed through an external yoke m, the thread being equal in pitch to that of the plug R, the head of which is made as a socket to receive the squared end of the spindle m. A- packingwasher '2' being placed in the hole .of the boss 11. and the plugR having been inserted within I M and engaged on the end of the spindlem,

the'branched pipe M is connected, as shown,

ings being tightened thoroughly against leakage. Moderate heat being now applied to the vessel K, the crystalline compound of chlorine and water becomes decomposed, producing considerable pressure, the liquid chlorine subsiding in the lower part. of K and the water floating above it. The cocks k and l being now opened, the liquid chlorine passes first through the sulphuric acid in L, by which any water that may accompany it is absorbed, and the pure liquid chlorine then flows by the branch pipe M into the holder N. \\hen this is thus charged, the cocks I; and Zare closed. The spindle m is turned, screwing the .plug R into the boss n, and when the plug is screwed home, so as to compress the. washer r, the holder N can be detached, The head of the plug R or the metal of the boss surrounding it can be burred over, and t-heljoint can be made good by soldering.

The vessel K should be of considerable strength to resist the internal pressure, and

, should be lined with lead which is not materially acted on by the chlorine.

The liquefied chlorine when freed from water, is what may he termed chemically I prefer to provide two tubes, the one k from the top and the other 7;? from the bottom of the vessel K, in order to run off the gas and the more or less chlorinated water for-subsequcnt treatment after the liquid chlorine is mostly transferred to holders.

Although I have described the branched may obviously be connected to any other receptacle of chlorine liquefied by cold or pressure, or both. Thus, as shown in Fig. 3, chlorine liquefied by cold or pressure may be transferred from a vessel in which it is genera'ted or stored to the holders N, passing on its way through sulphuric acid in L.

A measuring-vessel 1 may be interposed to determine the charge of the holder N, so as to leave in each holder a little space for expansion of the liquid contents. The vessel 1 may be a strong glass tube graduated, so that the amount of charge may be visible.

\Vhat I claim is 1. The combination of a transporting vessel or holder N, having at one end an externally-screw-threaded boss 77, containing a threaded orifice to receive a screw-plug, with the closed vesselK, adapted to be charged with a crystalline combination of chlorine and water, a vessel L in communication with saidclosed chlorine vessel and adapted to be charged with sulphuric acid for depriving the liquid chlorine of water, a charging branch M, for connecting the acid vessel with the transporting vessel or holder, a serew-spindle'm, extending into the charging branch, and a screw-plug R, (letachably connected with the spindle and adapted tobe screwed into the threaded orifice of the transporting vessel or holder, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with a closed chlorinevessel, of a v'essel L, for containing sulphuric acid to deprive the liquefied chlorine of water, a valved charging branch M, in communication with the acid-vesscl and having av screw-thread for connecting it with a transporting vessel or holder N, a screw-threaded spindle m, extending into the charging branch, and a screw-plug R, detachably connected with the spindle within the charging branch and adapted to be screwed to the transporting vessel or holder, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my- J NO. P. M. MILLARD, Clerk to lllessrs. Abel &' Inrruy, Consulting Buildings,

Engineers and Patent Agents, 28, Southampfon Buildings, London, W C. 

